A mini split is a heat pump with the ductwork removed from the equation. An outdoor condenser connects to one or more indoor heads through a small lineset carrying refrigerant, and each head conditions the space it is mounted in. Because nothing travels through ducts, nothing is lost to a hot attic on the way, which is the whole argument for them in this climate.
Sizing is done per zone rather than per house, and it is where these installations go wrong most often. An oversized head cools the room quickly, shuts down, and never runs long enough to do the steady, low output work these systems are actually good at. Undersize it and the room never catches up in July. Neither problem announces itself at installation, which is why we calculate rather than estimate.
Indoor heads come in wall mounted, ceiling cassette, and floor mounted forms, and the choice is usually decided by wall space, furniture, ceiling construction, and where the lineset can realistically run. A single zone system handles one room. A multi zone system runs several heads off one outdoor unit, each with its own control.
The rest is craft rather than product. Lineset routing, a correctly sized dedicated electrical circuit, condensate drainage that works with gravity rather than against it, proper evacuation before charging, and a startup where the charge, airflow, and amp draw get measured. Skip any of that and the equipment underperforms in ways nobody traces back to the install.